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Ungulates account for the vast majority of large herbivores currently on earth.  Their influence stretches across nearly every biome, and their indigenous range includes all zoogeographic regions except Antarctica. With human help, ungulates have expanded into nearly every corner of the globe: "Ungulates of the World" indeed!  The current species list (below) aligns tightly with that published by Wilson and Reeder (2005).  Since species-concepts are flexible, some species recognized by other authors may not be listed here. Detailed fact sheets for individual species can be accessed by clicking on the linked species names.   Did you know? 257 modern ungulate species are presently recognized by the Smithsonian Institution.  At least five of these species have become extinct over the past 300 years at the hands of humans, and many more are on the brink.   Continue below to the fact sheets, or keep exploring this site:     Order Perissodactyla Family Equidae Equus     Equus asinus African wild ass     Equus burchellii Plains zebra, Burchell's zebra     Equus caballus Przewalski's wild horse, domestic horse     Equus grevyi Grevy's zebra     Equus hemionus Asiatic wild ass, kulan     Equus kiang Kiang, Tibetan wild ass     Equus quagga Quagga     Equus zebra Mountain zebra     Family Tapiridae Tapirus     Tapirus bairdii Baird's tapir, Central American tapir     Tapirus indicus Asian tapir     Tapirus pinchaque Mountain tapir     Tapirus terrestris Brazilian tapir, lowland tapir     Family Rhinocerotidae Ceratotherium     Ceratotherium simum White rhinoceros   Dicerorhinus     Dicerorhinus sumatrensis Sumatran rhinoceros   Diceros     Diceros bicornis Black rhinoceros   Rhinoceros     Rhinoceros sondaicus Javan rhinoceros     Rhinoceros unicornis Indian rhinoceros   Order Cetartiodactyla Family Camelidae Camelus    Camelus bactrianus Bactrian camel    Camelus dromedarius Dromedary, Arabian camel   Lama    Lama glama Llama, guanaco   Vicugna     Vicugna vicugna Vicuña     Family Suidae Babyrousa    Babyrousa babyrussa Golden babirusa    Babyrousa bolabatuensis Bola Batu babirusa    Babyrousa celebensis Sulawesi babirusa    Babyrousa togeanensis Togian babirusa   Hylochoerus    Hylochoerus meinertzhageni Giant forest hog   Phacochoerus    Phacochoerus aethiopicus Desert warthog    Phacochoerus africanus Common warthog   Potamochoerus    Potamochoerus larvatus Bush pig    Potamochoerus porcus Red river hog   Sus    Sus ahoenobarbus Palawan bearded pig    Sus barbatus Bearded pig    Sus bucculentus Heude's pig, Vietnam warty pig    Sus cebifrons Visayan warty pig    Sus celebensis Celebes pig, Sulawesi warty pig    Sus oliveri Mindoro warty pig    Sus philippensis Philippine warty pig    Sus salvanius Pygmy hog    Sus scrofa Eurasian wild pig    Sus verrucosus Javan warty pig     Family Tayassuidae Catagonus     Catagonus wagneri Chacoan peccary   Pecari     Pecari tajacu Collared peccary, javelina   Tayassu     Tayassu pecari White-lipped peccary     Family Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon     Hexaprotodon liberiensis Pygmy hippopotamus   Hippopotamus     Hippopotamus amphibius River hippopotamus     Suborder Ruminantia   Family Tragulidae Hyemoschus     Hyemoschus aquaticus Water chevrotain   Moschiola     Moschiola meminna Indian chevrotain   Tragulus    Tragulus javanicus Javan chevrotain    Tragulus kanchil Lesser Oriental chevrotain    Tragulus napu Greater Oriental chevrotain    Tragulus nigricans Balabac chevrotain    Tragulus versicolor Silver-backed chevrotain    Tragulus williamsoni Yunnan chevrotain     Family Giraffidae Giraffa    Giraffa camelopardalis Giraffe   Okapia     Okapia johnstoni Okapi     Family Antilocapridae Antilocapra     Antilocapra americana Pronghorn     Family Moschidae Moschus    Moschus anhuiensis Anhui musk deer    Moschus berezovskii Forest musk deer    Moschus chrysogaster Himalayan musk deer    Moschus cupreus Kashmir musk deer    Moschus fuscus Black musk deer    Moschus leucogaster White-bellied musk deer    Moschus moschiferus Siberian musk deer     Family Cervidae     Subfamily Capreolinae Alces    Alces alces European elk    Alces americanus American moose   Blastocerus    Blastocerus dichotomus Marsh deer   Capreolus    Capreolus capreolus European roe deer    Capreolus pygargus Siberian roe deer   Hippocamelus    Hippocamelus antisensis Peruvian guemal, taruca    Hippocamelus bisulcus Patagonian huemul, South Andean huemul   Mazama    Mazama americana Red brocket    Mazama bororo Bororo, small red brocket    Mazama bricenii Grey dwarf brocket    Mazama chunyi Dwarf brocket    Mazama gouazoubira Brown brocket    Mazama nana Lesser brocket    Mazama pandora Yucatan brown brocket    Mazama rufina Little red brocket    Mazama temama Mexican red brocket   Odocoileus     Odocoileus hemionus Mule deer     Odocoileus virginianus White-tailed deer   Ozotoceros     Ozotoceros bezoarticus Pampas deer   Pudu     Pudu mephistophiles Northern pudu     Pudu puda Southern pudu   Rangifer     Rangifer tarandus Caribou, reindeer      Subfamily Cervinae Axis    Axis axis Axis deer, Chital    Axis calamianensis Calamian deer    Axis kuhlii Bawean deer, Kuhl's deer    Axis porcinus Hog deer   Cervus    Cervus elaphus Red deer, wapiti, American elk    Cervus nippon Sika, Japanese deer   Dama     Dama dama Fallow deer   Elaphodus    Elaphodus cephalophus Tufted deer   Elaphurus     Elaphurus davidianus Pere David's deer, milu   Muntiacus    Muntiacus atherodes Bornean yellow muntjac    Muntiacus crinifrons Black muntjac    Muntiacus feae Fea's muntjac    Muntiacus gongshanensis Gongshan muntjac    Muntiacus muntjak Red muntjac    Muntiacus puhoatensis Pu Hoat muntjac    Muntiacus putaoensis Leaf deer    Muntiacus reevesi Reeves's muntjac    Muntiacus rooseveltorum Roosevelt's muntjac    Muntiacus truongsonensis Annamite muntjac    Muntiacus vuquangensis Giant muntjac   Przewalskium    Przewalskium albirostris Thorold's deer, white-lipped deer   Rucervus    Rucervus duvaucelii Barasingha, swamp deer    Rucervus eldii Eld's deer, thamin    Rucervus schomburgki Schomburgk's deer   Rusa    Rusa alfredi Philippine spotted deer    Rusa marianna Philippine sambar    Rusa timorensis Rusa    Rusa unicolor Sambar      Subfamily Hydropotinae Hydropotes    Hydropotes inermis Chinese water deer     Family Bovidae      Subfamily Aepycerotinae Aepyceros     Aepyceros melampus Impala      Subfamily Alcelaphinae Alcelaphus    Alcelaphus buselaphus Common hartebeest    Alcelaphus caama Red hartebeest    Alcelaphus lichtensteinii Lichtenstein's hartebeest   Beatragus    Beatragus hunteri Hunter's hartebeest, hirola   Connochaetes    Connochaetes gnou White-tailed gnu, black wildebeest    Connochaetes taurinus Brindled gnu, blue wildebeest   Damaliscus    Damaliscus korrigum Korrigum, topi    Damaliscus lunatus Tsessebe    Damaliscus pygargus Bontebok, blesbok    Damaliscus superstes Bangweulu tsessebe      Subfamily Antilopinae Ammodorcas     Ammodorcas clarkei Dibatag, Clarke's gazelle   Antidorcas     Antidorcas marsupialis Springbok   Antilope     Antilope cervicapra Blackbuck   Dorcatragus     Dorcatragus megalotis Beira   Eudorcas    Eudorcas rufifrons Red-fronted gazelle    Eudorcas rufina Red gazelle    Eudorcas thomsonii Thomson's gazelle   Gazella    Gazella arabica Arabian gazelle    Gazella bennettii Indian gazelle    Gazella cuvieri Cuvier's gazelle, edmi gazelle    Gazella dorcas Dorcas gazelle    Gazella erlangeri Erlanger's gazelle    Gazella gazella True gazelle, mountain gazelle    Gazella leptoceros Slender-horned gazelle, rhim    Gazella saudiya Saudi gazelle    Gazella spekei Speke's gazelle    Gazella subgutturosa Goitered gazelle   Litocranius     Litocranius walleri Gerenuk   Madoqua     Madoqua guentheri Guenther's dik-dik     Madoqua kirkii Kirk's dik-dik     Madoqua piacentinii Silver dik-dik     Madoqua saltiana Salt's dik-dik   Nanger    Nanger dama Dama gazelle    Nanger granti Grant's gazelle    Nanger soemmerringii Soemmerring's gazelle   Neotragus     Neotragus batesi Bates' pygmy antelope     Neotragus moschatus Suni     Neotragus pygmaeus Royal antelope   Oreotragus     Oreotragus oreotragus Klipspringer   Ourebia     Ourebia ourebi Oribi   Procapra     Procapra gutturosa Mongolian gazelle, zeren     Procapra picticaudata Tibetan gazelle, goa     Procapra przewalskii Przewalski's gazelle   Raphicerus     Raphicerus campestris Steenbok     Raphicerus melanotis Southern grysbok     Raphicerus sharpei Northern grysbok   Saiga    Saiga borealis    Saiga tatarica Saiga      Subfamily Bovinae Bison     Bison bison American bison     Bison bonasus European bison, wisent   Bos     Bos frontalis Gaur     Bos grunniens Yak     Bos javanicus Banteng     Bos sauveli Kouprey     Bos taurus Domestic ox   Boselaphus     Boselaphus tragocamelus Nilgai   Bubalus     Bubalus bubalis Asian water buffalo     Bubalus depressicornis Lowland anoa     Bubalus mindorensis Tamaraw     Bubalus quarlesi Mountain anoa   Pseudoryx     Pseudoryx nghetinhensis Saola, Vu Quang ox   Syncerus     Syncerus caffer African buffalo   Taurotragus     Taurotragus derbianus Giant eland, Derby eland     Taurotragus oryx Common eland   Tetracerus     Tetracerus quadricornis Four-horned antelope, chousingha   Tragelaphus     Tragelaphus angasii Nyala     Tragelaphus buxtoni Mountain nyala     Tragelaphus eurycerus Bongo     Tragelaphus imberbis Lesser kudu     Tragelaphus scriptus Bushbuck     Tragelaphus spekii Sitatunga     Tragelaphus strepsiceros Greater kudu      Subfamily Caprinae Ammotragus     Ammotragus lervia Aoudad, Barbary sheep   Budorcas     Budorcas taxicolor Takin   Capra     Capra caucasica Caucasian tur     Capra falconeri Markhor     Capra hircus Domestic goat     Capra ibex Alpine ibex     Capra nubiana Nubian ibex     Capra pyrenaica Spanish ibex     Capra sibirica Siberian ibex     Capra walie Ethiopian ibex, walia ibex   Capricornis    Capricornis crispus Japanese serow    Capricornis milneedwardsii Chinese serow    Capricornis rubidus Red serow    Capricornis sumatraensis Southern serow    Capricornis swinhoei Formosan serow    Capricornis thar Himalayan serow   Hemitragus     Hemitragus hylocrius Nilgiri tahr     Hemitragus jayakari Arabian tahr     Hemitragus jemlahicus Himalayan tahr   Nemorhaedus    Nemorhaedus baileyi Red goral    Nemorhaedus caudatus Long-tailed goral    Nemorhaedus goral Gray goral    Nemorhaedus griseus Western Chinese goral   Oreamnos     Oreamnos americanus Rocky Mountain goat   Ovibos     Ovibos moschatus Musk ox   Ovis     Ovis ammon Argali sheep     Ovis aries Mouflon, domestic sheep     Ovis canadensis Bighorn sheep     Ovis dalli Dall's sheep     Ovis nivicola Snow sheep, Siberian bighorn   Pantholops     Pantholops hodgsonii Tibetan antelope, chiru   Pseudois     Pseudois nayaur Bharal, Himalayan blue sheep     Pseudois schaeferi Dwarf blue sheep   Rupicapra     Rupicapra pyrenaica Pyrenean chamois, isard     Rupicapra rupicapra Alpine chamois      Subfamily Cephalophinae Cephalophus    Cephalophus adersi Aders's duiker    Cephalophus brookei Brooke's duiker    Cephalophus callipygus Peters's duiker    Cephalophus dorsalis Bay duiker, black-backed duiker    Cephalophus jentinki Jentink's duiker    Cephalophus leucogaster White-bellied duiker, Gaboon duiker    Cephalophus natalensis Red duiker    Cephalophus niger Black duiker    Cephalophus nigrifrons Black-fronted duiker    Cephalophus ogilbyi Ogilby's duiker    Cephalophus rufilatus Red-flanked duiker    Cephalophus silvicultor Yellow-backed duiker    Cephalophus spadix Abbott's duiker    Cephalophus weynsi Weyn's duiker    Cephalophus zebra Zebra duiker, banded duiker   Philantomba    Philantomba maxwellii Maxwell's duiker    Philantomba monticola Blue duiker   Sylvicapra     Sylvicapra grimmia Gray duiker, common duiker      Subfamily Hippotraginae Addax     Addax nasomaculatus Addax   Hippotragus    Hippotragus equinus Roan antelope    Hippotragus leucophaeus Blue buck, blaubok    Hippotragus niger Sable antelope   Oryx     Oryx beisa Beisa oryx, East African oryx     Oryx dammah Scimitar-horned oryx     Oryx gazella Gemsbok, South African oryx     Oryx leucoryx Arabian oryx      Subfamily Reduncinae Kobus     Kobus ellipsiprymnus Waterbuck     Kobus kob Kob     Kobus leche Lechwe     Kobus megaceros Nile lechwe, Mrs. Gray's lechwe     Kobus vardonii Puku   Pelea     Pelea capreolus Rhebok   Redunca     Redunca arundinum Southern reedbuck     Redunca fulvorufula Mountain reedbuck     Redunca redunca Bohor reedbuck Literature Cited Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder [editors]. 2005.  Mammal Species of the World (3rd Edition).  Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp.

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