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An Ultimate Ungulate Fact Sheet
Pseudois schaeferi
Dwarf blue sheep
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Literature Cited

CITES (Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna). 2011. Appendix I, II, and III as adopted by the Conference of the Parties, valid from 27 April 2011. Available online at the CITES website.

Feng, J., C. Lajia, D. J. Taylor, and M. S. Webster. 2001. Genetic distinctiveness of endangered dwarf blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur schaeferi): Evidence from mitochondrial control region and Y-linked ZFY intron sequences. Journal of Heredity; 92(1); 9-15.

Groves, C. P. 1978. The taxonomic status of the Dwarf Blue Sheep (Artiodactyla: Bovidae). Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen; 26:177-183.

Harris, R. B. 2008. Pseudois schaeferi. In IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. Available online at the IUCN Redlist website.

Liu, Y. D., Zhou, C. Q., Huang, C. S. and Hu, J. C. 2007. Comparison of morphological characters of skull between the blue sheep and the dwarf blue sheep. Acta Theriologica Sinica: 376-379.

Long Shuai, Zhou Cai-quan,Wang Wei-kui, Pan Li, and Hu Jin-chu. 2009. Diurnal Behavioral Rhythm,Time Budgets and Group Behavior of Dwarf Blue Sheep in Summer. Zoological Research; 2009-06.

Smith, A. T., and Yan Xie. 2008. A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press: Princeton, New Jersey.

Wang, X., and R. S. Hoffmann. 1987. Pseudois nayaur and Pseudois schaeferi. Mammalian Species (278): 1-6.

Wang, X. M., J. T. Peng, and H. M. Zhou. 2000. Preliminary observations on the distribution and status of dwarf blue sheep Pseudois schaeferi. Oryx; 34(1): 21-26.

Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder [editors]. 1993. Mammal Species of the World (Second Edition). Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. Available online at the Mammal Species of the World website.

Wang Yu, and Wang XiaoMing. 2003. Population ecology of dwarf blue sheep (Pseudois schaeferi). Biodiversity Science; 11(1): 59-62.

Wu, Y., C. Yuan, J. Hu, J. T. Peng, and P. L. Tao. 1990. A biological study of dwarf blue sheep. Acta Theriologica Sinica; 10(3): 185-188.

Zeng, B., L. Xu, B. Yue, Z. Li, and F. Zou. 2008. Molecular phylogeography and genetic differentiation of blue sheep Pseudois nayaur szechuanensis and Pseudois schaeferi in China. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution; 48: 387-395.

Zhou Cai-Quan, Zhou Kai-Ya, and Hu Jin-Chu. 2003. The validity of the dwarf bharal (Pseudois schaeferi) (Bovidae, Artiodactyla) species status: inferred from mitochondial Cytb gene. Acta Zoologica Sinica; 49(5): 578-584.

Additional Resources

*Bo Zeng, Liu Xu, Bisong Yue, Zhijun Li, and Fangdong Zou. 2008. Molecular phylogeography and genetic differentiation of blue sheep Pseudois nayaur szechuanensis and Pseudois schaeferi in China. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution; 48(2): 387-395.

Cai, C. P., J. C. Hu, and J. T. Peng. 1990. The dwarf blue sheep of western Sichuan. Journal of East China Normal University (Mammalian Ecology Supplement) 90-95.

*Cao Li-Rong, Wang Xiao-Ming, Fang Sheng-guo. 2003. A molecular phylogeny of Bharal and dwarf blue sheep based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. Acta Zoologica Sinica; 49(2): 198-204.

Englemann, C. 1938. Über die Großsauger Szetschwans, Sikongs, und Osttibets. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierekunde (Berlin) 13: 1-76.

Shackleton, D.M. 1997. Wild Sheep and Goats and Their Relatives - Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan for Caprinae. IUCN.

Schäfer, E. 1937. Über das Zwergblauschaf (Pseudois spec. nov.) und das Großblauschaf (Pseudois nahoor Hdgs.) in Tibet. Zool Garten (N.F.), Leipzig 9: 263–278.

*Shen Ding-jian,Wang Yu, Zeren Jumian, Zeng Guo-wei, Huang Yi-chuan, Li Kai-jun, and Tang Lun. 2007. Primary Study on Behavior of Dwarf Blue Sheep (Pseudois schaeferi). Sichuan Journal of Zoology. 2007-04

Tan, B.J. 1996. Into the Wild - The Rare and Endangered Species of China. New World Press, Beijing, China.

Wang, Y. and Hu, J. C. 2004. Dwarf blue sheep. Zoological Reports 39: 24.

Quick Facts Detailed Information References