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An Ultimate Ungulate Fact Sheet
Porcula salvania
Pygmy hog
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Literature Cited

CITES (Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna). 2011. Appendix I, II, and III as adopted by the Conference of the Parties, valid from 27 April 2011. Available online at the CITES website.

Mallinson, J.J.C. (1971). The pigmy hog, Sus salvanius (Hodgson) in northern Assam. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 68(2): 424-433.

Narayan, G. (2013). Pygmy Hog Conservation Programme Report: Release Operations 2013.

Narayan, G., Deka, P. & Oliver, W. (2008). Porcula salvania. In: IUCN (2010). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. Available online at the IUCN Red List website.

Oliver, W.L.R. (1979). Observations of the biology of the pigmy hog (with a footnote on the hispid hare): pigmy hog survey report, part II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 76(2): 115-142.

Oliver, W.L.R. & Roy, S.D. (1993). The Pigmy Hog (Sus salvanius). Pp. 121-129 in: Oliver, W.L.R., ed. Pigs, Peccaries and Hippos: Status Survey and Action Plan. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. Available online at the Pig, Peccary, and Hippo Specialist Group website.

Weigl, R. (2005). Longevity of Mammals in Captivity: from the living collections of the world. E Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandling, Stuttgart.

Additional Resources

Anon (1971). Pigmy hog and hispid hare. Oryx 11 (2-3): 103-107.

*Blouch, R.A. (1995). Conservation and research priorities for threatened suids of South and Southeast Asia. IBEX: Journal of Mountain Ecology 3: 21-25.

Bosma, A.A., Oliver, W.L.R., and Macdonald, A.A. (1983). The karyotype, including G-banding and C-banding patterns, of the pigmy hog Sus (Porcula) salvanius (Suidae, Mammalia). Genetica 61(2): 99-106.

*Deb Roy S. (1995). Observation on the recent history, natural history and management of the pigmy hog (Sus salvanius). IBEX: Journal of Mountain Ecology 3: 33-36.

Deka, T.C., and Bhattacharyya, I.K. (1984). Hematological studies on pygmy hog, Sus salvanius, of Assam. Comparative Physiology & Ecology 9(4): 277-281.

Griffith, L.D. (1978). The search for the pigmy hog in Nepal. Nature Ann., Nepal Nature Conserv. Soc.,11:41-45.

*Groves, C.P. (1981). Ancestors for the Pigs: Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Genus Sus. Tech. Bull. No. 3, Dept. Prehistory, Res. Sch. Pacific Studies, Australian Nat. Univ. 96pp.

Kruska, D. (1982). On the brain of the pigmy hog, Sus (Porcula) salvanius Hodgson, 1847 - A contribution on problems concerning comparative brain investigations in mammals of different body size. Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung 20(1): 1-12.

*Mallinson, J.J.C. (1977). Breeding of the pigmy hog, Sus salvanius (Hodgson) in northern Assam. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 74 (2): 288-289.

Narayan, G., Deka, P.J., Chakraborty, A., and Oliver, W.L.R. (1999). Increase in the captive population of pygmy hogs Sus salvanius: Health problems and husbandry. Dodo (Journal of the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust) 35: 70-86.

*Oliver, W.L.R. (1979). The doubtful future of the pigmy hog and the hispid hare: pigmy hog survey report, part I. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 75(2): 341-372.

*Oliver, W.L.R. (1979). Observations of the biology of the pigmy hog (with a footnote on the hispid hare): pigmy hog survey report, part II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 76(2): 115-142.

Oliver, W.L.R. (1980). The Pigmy Hog: the Biology and Conservation of the Pigmy Hog, Sus (Porcula) salvanius, and the Hispid Hare, Caprolagus hispidus.Jersey Wildl. Preserv. Trust, Spec. Scien. Rep. No. 1. 80pp.

Oliver, W.L.R. (1981). Pigmy hog and hispid hare: further observations of the continuing decline (or, a lament for Barnadi, and a good cause for scepticism). Dodo (Journal of the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust) 18: 10-20.

Oliver, W.L.R. (1984). The distribution and status of the hispid hare, Caprolagus hispidus: the summarised findings of the 1984 pigmy hog/hispid hare field survey in northern Bangladesh, southern Nepal and northern India. Dodo (Journal of the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust) 21: 6-32.

Oliver, W.L.R. (1985). The distribution and status of the hispid hare (Caprolagus hispidus), with some additional notes on the pigmy hog (Sus salvanius) - a report on the 1984 field survey. (Unpubl.) rep. to Wildlife Preservation Trust. 94 pp.

Oliver, W.L.R. (1991). Monograph on the pigmy hog, Sus salvanius. Pp. 21-38 in: Fradrich, H. and Klos H.-G., Eds. Proceedings of the Pigs and Peccaries Workshop at Zoo Berlin, 12-15th July 1990: Bongo, Berlin.

*Oliver, W.L.R., Narayan, G., and Raj, M. (1997). The pigmy hog Sus salvanius conservation programme: Background description and report on progress to end December 1996. Dodo (Journal of the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust) 33: 45-69.

Pandya, N.P. (1990). Report on an initial survey of pigmy hog, Sus salvanius, and hispid hare, Caprolagus hispidus, and their habitat in Arunachal Pradesh, India during April 1990. (Unpubl.) 25pp.

*Rahman, H., Chakraborty, A., Deka, P.J., Narayan, G., and Prager, R. (2001). An Outbreak of Salmonella enteritidis Infection in Pygmy Hogs (Sus salvanius). Tropical Animal Health and Production 33(2): 95-102.

Rahman, H., Deka, P.J., Chakraborty, A., and Narayan, G. (2005). Salmonellosis in pigmy hogs (Sus salvanius) - a critically endangered species of mammal. Revue Scientifique et Technique - Office International des Epizooties 24(3): 959-964.

Ranjitsinh, M.K. (1972). A note on the future conservation plan for the pigmy hog (Sus salvanius) and hispid hare (Caprolagus hispidus; Pearson, 1839). (Unpubl.) D.O. No. 682/DSF 1023/72, Govt. of India.

*Sanyal, P. (1995). A new report on Pigmy hog Sus salvanius (Hodgson) from West Bengal. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 92(1): 116.

Sarma, M., Choudhury, K.B.D., Chakraborty, A., Deka, P.J., and Sarma, K.K. (2004). Biometry of female genital organs of adult pigmy hog (Sus salvanius). Indian Journal of Animal Science 74(2): 186-187.

Schmidt, C.R., Mallinson J.J.C., and Weilenmann, P. (1978). International co-operation for captive breeding of the pigmy hog, Sus salvanius. International Zoo News 25/3(150): 28-31.

Tessier-Yandell, J. (1971). The pigmy hog, Sus salvanius. Cheetal 14(3): 23-28.

Quick Facts Detailed Information References